世界农业

数字普惠金融的发展为乡村振兴战略提供了金融支持。本文基于2014—2020年中国农村微观经济数据和县域数字普惠金融指数，采用含有内生变量的Probit模型实证分析了数字普惠金融对农户贷款可得性的影响。研究发现，第一，数字普惠金融的发展提升了农户获得正规渠道贷款的可能性，尤其促进了中高收入群体以及较高受教育程度农户获得正规渠道贷款；同时，数字普惠金融的发展降低了低收入和低文化水平农户的非正规渠道贷款可得性。第二，二级指数数字金融使用深度，三级指数支付、保险和投资对正规渠道贷款可得性具有显著的正向影响，而货币基金、信贷、信用体系建设等领域在农村地区的发展还明显不足，对于缓解农户面临金融排斥的作用有限。对此，本文提出以下政策建议：加强农村普惠金融制度建设，推进政府协同金融机构联合创新；完善金融市场结构，构建全方位数字普惠金融生态体系；针对不同特征农户群体提高金融服务的针对性、精准性；加强农村地区基础教育与金融教育。

The development of digital inclusive finance has provided financial support for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization.Based on survey for agriculture and village economy data from 2014 to 2020 and the country digital inclusive finance index, this paper uses an econometric model to analyze the impact of digital inclusive finance on farmers' loan availability empirically.The study finds that: First, digital inclusive finance's development improves the possibility of farmers obtain loans from formal channels, especially promoting the access of middle-high-income group and farmers with higher education level to formal loans; meanwhile, the development of digital inclusive finance reduces the availability of informal loans for the lowest-income group and low-education group.Second, the growth of used depth, payment,insurance and investment have significant positive impact on the availability of formal loans.However, the development of money fund and credit system construction in rural areas obviously deficient, and have limited effect on alleviating the financial exclusion faced by farmers.Based on the above research conclusions, this paper proposes to strengthen the construction of rural inclusive financial system and promote the joint innovation of government and financial institutions; improve the structure of financial market and build a comprehensive digital inclusive finance ecosystem; improve the accuracy and pertinence of financial services for farmers with different characteristics; pay attention to rural basic education and financial education policy suggestions.