世界农业

本文基于云南、贵州、四川、重庆、湖南、湖北、广西、福建、陕西和山西10个省份的4 905份新型经营主体有效问卷，通过构建“社会网络(农民专业合作社)—订单需求(植保服务面积)—需求拉动投入(购买农用无人机行为)”理论分析框架，将双栏模型与中介效应相结合，从订单需求的中介视角实证分析合作社对新型经营主体购买农用无人机的影响，并采用倾向得分匹配(PSM)方法进行稳健性检验。研究结果表明：与不是合作社的新型经营主体相比，合作社由于有更多的市场资源和政策支持，能对接到的农机作业服务订单比其他经营主体高，进而为了完成这些订单他们需要购买更多的无人机，同时更多的政策支持意味着他们购买新技术装备的成本更低也促进了新技术购买。整体来说，合作社对新型经营主体购买农用无人机的影响通过植保服务面积的中介作用实现的可能性为45.23%,合作社对新型经营主体购买农用无人机数量的影响通过植保服务面积的中介作用实现的可能性为100%。其中，合作社对不同经营土地面积的新型经营主体购买农用无人机行为具有异质性，在中小规模经营土地面积样本中仍具有显著影响，但在大规模经营土地面积样本中不具有显著影响。这表明合作社是农业新技术采纳的关键主体，是连接传统小农与现代农业的关键一环，合作社具有更多的社会资源和信息，更愿意采纳新技术，有利于促进科技成果的转化。

This paper answered the question based on 4 905 valid questionnaires for new agricultural operators in 10 provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi, Fujian, Shaanxi and Shanxi.By constructing a theoretical analysis framework of “Social Networks(the specialized farmers' cooperatives)-Demand for Agricultural Machinery Operation Orders(plant protection service area)-Demand Driven Inputs(purchase of agricultural UAV behavior)”and combining the double hurdle model with intermediary effect analysis, we empirically analyzed the influence of cooperatives on the purchase of agricultural UAVs by new agricultural operators from the intermediary perspective of demand for agricultural machinery operation orders.Then, the propensity score matching(PSM)method was also used for robustness testing.The results of the study show that compared with new agricultural operators who did not serve as the specialized farmers' cooperatives, the orders that cooperatives can receive for agricultural machinery operation services are higher than other business operators.Because they have more market resources and policy support.Therefore, in order to accomplish these orders, cooperatives need to buy more UAVs.At the same time, the reason for policy support, they buy new technology equipment at a lower cost also promote the purchase of new technology.Overall, the mediating effect of plant protection service area in the purchase of agricultural UAVs and the number of agricultural UAVs purchased by cooperatives to new agricultural operators accounted for 45.23 percent and 100 percent, respectively.Among them, the specialized farmers' cooperatives have heterogeneity in the purchase behavior of agricultural UAVs for new agricultural operators with different operating land size.There is still a significant effect in the sample of small and medium scale operating land size, but not in the sample of large scale operating land size.These results exhibit that the specialized farmers' cooperatives are the key adopters of new agricultural technologies, and the key link between traditional smallholder farmers and modern agriculture.They have more social resources, more information, and stronger desire to adopt new agricultural technologies, which are very important for promotion of new agricultural technologies.