世界农业

提升中国水产品出口在全球价值链中的分工地位,并走出价值链低端锁定困境,是中国水产品贸易发展中的重要问题。通过水产品出口升级指数与贸易地位指数的测算,及与全球水产品出口大国的比较分析表明,2008—2014年,中国水产品出口的升级水平呈现先升后降的趋势;从水产品出口升级的内部结构来看,中国实现升级且出口比重居于前3位的水产品全部为初级产品,说明中国水产品出口的升级仍主要是在全球价值链的低端部分进行;此外,虽然中国水产品出口的贸易地位有缓慢上升的趋势,但与美国、智利等国家对比可以看出高端比重仍严重不足。因此,中国应积极推动水产品加工业的转型升级,并增强水产品企业开拓国际市场和培育自主品牌的能力,以促进中国水产品出口升级并进一步提升中国水产品的贸易地位。

Along with the deepening of global division of labor and the development of trade facilitation,improving the status of China's aquatic products exports in the global value chain so as to break through the dilemma of"low-end locking"is an important issue for the grow up of China's aquatic products trade.Based on the perspective of global value chain,the paper analyses the upgrading trend and trade position of China's aquatic products exports in the global value chain by calculating the index.The performance of the other four countries including Norway,India,USA and Chile which are on the top five list of aquatic products exports were also compared and analyzed.The results suggest,the upgrading level of China's aquatic products exports shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing from 2008 to 2014.Form the internal structure of aquatic products upgrading of 2014,all of the China's aquatic products that achieved upgrading is primary aquatic products,which reveals most China's aquatic products upgrading is on the low end of the global value chain.Furthermore,the trade position of China's aquatic products exports manifests a slowly rising trend but its high-end proportion is still gravely insufficient compared with USA and Chile.Therefore,in order to promote the upgrading and improve the trade position of China's aquatic products exports,China should give impetus to the transformation and upgrading of aquatic product processing industry and help related enterprises strengthen the ability of developing foreign market and cultivating independent brands.