世界农业

提升农民获得感、幸福感和安全感(简称“民生三感”)是实现农民农村共同富裕的重要抓手。本文基于2018年、2020年县域数字乡村指数与中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS)的匹配数据，利用高维固定效应模型考察数字乡村建设对农民“民生三感”的影响效应及其作用机制。研究发现，数字乡村建设显著提升了农民“民生三感”。这种提升效应主要体现为对农民获得感的提升，而对幸福感和安全感的提升效应并不明显，存在着客观获得和主观感知背离的现象。进一步分析发现，数字乡村建设四个分维度的提升效应也存在差异性，其中乡村经济数字化和乡村治理数字化对农民获得感具有明显的提升效应。机制分析表明，数字乡村建设主要通过改善农民数字素养、提高“务工型”非农就业水平和消费水平影响农民的“民生三感”。数字乡村建设的上述提升效应对处于西部地区、高密度社会网络、高人力资本水平和“民生三感”水平较低的农民群体更为明显。为此应推进网络信息安全体系建设，丰富农民融资渠道，差异化推进数字乡村建设，充分发挥数字乡村建设对农民“民生三感”的正向效应。

Enhancing farmers' sense of access, happiness and security(“three senses of people's livelihood”) is an important tool to realize the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas.This paper examines the impact of digital rural construction on farmers' “three senses of livelihood” and its mechanism of action based on the matched data of the 2018 and 2020 county digital Countryside indexes and the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS), using a high-dimensional fixed-effects model.The study finds that the digital Countryside construction significantly improves farmers' “three senses of livelihood”.This enhancement effect is mainly reflected in the farmers' sense of acquisition, while the enhancement effect on the sense of happiness and sense of security is not obvious, and there exists the phenomenon of objective acquisition and subjective perception deviation.Further analysis reveals that there are also differences in the enhancement effects of the four sub-dimensions of digital Countryside construction, among which the digitalization of rural economy and rural governance have obvious enhancement effects on farmers' sense of acquisition.Mechanism analysis shows that digital Countryside construction mainly affects farmers' “three senses of livelihood” through the mechanisms of improving farmers' digital literacy, increasing the level of “labor-type” non-farm employment and consumption The “entrepreneurial” non-farm employment mechanism has not played a significant role.The above enhancement effect of digital Countryside construction is more obvious for farmers in the western region, with a high density of social networks, a high level of human capital and a low level of the “three senses of livelihood”To this end, we should promote the construction of network information security systems, enrich farmers' financing channels, and give full play to the positive effect of digital countryside construction on farmers' “three senses of people's livelihood”.