世界农业

推进城乡共同富裕是中国式现代化建设的本质要求。本文基于2010—2021年中国284个地级及以上城市面板数据，从“做大蛋糕”与“分好蛋糕”的双重视角出发，考察统一大市场建设对城乡共同富裕的影响以及数字经济发展对二者之间关系的调节效应。研究发现：统一大市场有助于提升城乡居民收入水平并缩小城乡居民收入差距，呈现出明显的共同富裕效应。随着市场一体化程度的提高，统一大市场对城乡居民收入水平提升的边际效应递减，而对降低城乡居民收入差距的边际效应呈现出先上升后下降的倒U形趋势。异质性检验发现，统一大市场对贫富差异较大地区的减贫效应更明显，而对贫富差异较小地区的增收效应更强。机制检验表明，要素流动和创业活跃度提升是统一大市场赋能城乡共同富裕的两条重要途径，并且数字经济发展强化了统一大市场对居民收入水平提升的正向效应，而弱化了统一大市场对降低城乡居民收入差距的负向影响。为此，应健全要素市场运行机制，降低要素流动壁垒，优化个体创新创业环境，让数字技术福利惠及全体农村居民，以助力城乡共同富裕。

Promoting the urban-rural common prosperity is the essential requirement of Chinese modernization. Based on the panel data of 284 cities at prefecture level and above in China from 2010 to 2021, from the dual perspectives of “making a big cake” and “dividing a good cake”, this paper investigates the influence of unified market construction on the urban-rural common prosperity and the moderating effect of digital economy development on the relationship between them. It is found that the unified market is helpful to improve the income level of residents and reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents, showing obvious common prosperity effect. With the improvement of market integration, the marginal effect of unified big market on improving the income level of residents decreases, while the marginal effect on reducing the income gap between urban and rural residents shows an inverted U trend. Heterogeneity test shows that the unified big market has a more obvious “poverty reduction effect” in areas with large differences between the rich and the poor, and a stronger “income increase effect” in areas with small differences between the rich and the poor. The mechanism test shows that the flow of factors and the promotion of entrepreneurial activity are two important ways to empower common prosperity by unifying the big market, and the development of digital economy strengthens the positive effect of unifying the big market on the income level of residents, while weakens the negative impact of unifying the big market on the income gap between urban and rural residents. Therefore, we should improve the operating mechanism of factor market, reduce the barriers to factor flow, optimize the environment for individual innovation and entrepreneurship, and let the benefits of digital technology benefit all rural residents, so as to help urban and rural areas achieve common prosperity.