世界农业

提高农户收入流动性是破解收入不平等的重要切入口，关系到“橄榄型”社会结构的形成和共同富裕目标的实现。本文采用2018—2022年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据实证考察数字素养对农户家庭收入流动性的影响及其作用机制。研究表明：数字素养对农户家庭收入流动性具有显著的向上促进作用，且对低收入家庭和高收入家庭具有底层保护效应和顶层突破效应；分不同家庭结构研究发现，数字素养能够显著增加农业家庭和独生子女家庭的收入流动性；数字素养通过促进土地、资本、劳动、技术等生产要素再配置，拓宽农户家庭收入渠道，推动收入向上流动；数字素养促进作用的发挥离不开内外在环境的支撑，数字经济的发展和认知能力的提高对数字素养促进农户家庭收入向上流动具有助推作用。据此，本文建议应积极推进农业领域数字化转型，深化农村要素市场数字化改革；注重家庭禀赋差异，分类分型实现数字素养提升策略；完善数字配套设施建设，提升乡村数字化进程；重视人力资本投资，提高农户家庭认知能力。

Improving the income liquidity of farmers is a crucial entry point to address income inequality and is related to the formation of an “olive-shaped” social structure and the realization of the goal of common prosperity.This paper uses the data from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) from 2018 to 2022 to empirically examine the impact of digital literacy on the income liquidity of rural households and its mechanism of action. The research shows that digital literacy has a significant upward promoting effect on the income liquidity of rural households, and it has a bottom protection effect on low-income households and a top breakthrough effect on high-income households; by studying different family structures, it is found that digital literacy can significantly increase the income liquidity of agricultural households and single-child households; digital literacy promotes the re-allocation of production factors such as land, capital, labor and technology, broadens the income channels of rural households, and promotes upward income mobility, the exertion of the promoting effect of digital literacy cannot be separated from the support of internal and external environments. The development of the digital economy and the improvement of cognitive abilities have a boosting effect on promoting the upward income mobility of rural households through digital literacy. Based on these findings, this paper suggests that efforts should be made to actively promote the digital transformation in the agricultural sector and deepen the digital reform of rural factor markets; pay attention to the differences in family endowments and implement digital literacy improvement strategies based on classification and typing; improve the construction of digital supporting facilities and accelerate the digitalization process in rural areas; and attach importance to human capital investment to enhance the cognitive abilities of rural households.