| 1,333 | 47 | 106 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
草原生态保护补助奖励政策的实施将对中国草原生态保护、牧业生产、牧民生活产生深远影响,同时也是政府部门制定政策关注的热点。本文从补奖对象与标准、落实情况及问题、实施成效等方面对政策研究进展进行了梳理。研究结果显示,各地积极落实草原生态保护补奖政策,补奖标准的测算方法在地区间差异明显,牧民对政策的满意度相对较好,牧民参与政策意愿主要受政策实施对生活水平影响、对草原保护的认知、牧业收入占比等因素影响。政策的实施,有利于天然草原生态恢复,促进了牧业生产转型;多数研究认为,牧民政策转移性收入和占比均增加,也有研究认为,禁牧区牧户收入下降。最后,展望了未来研究方向,建议分区研究禁牧区、草畜平衡区的实施情况;剥离其他因素的纯政策效应研究有待完善;牧业生产方式转型、牧业总体生产效率等牧业生产效应及牧民就业、消费行为变化等研究有待深入;补奖标准测算、草原监管机制、政策绩效考核评价等需要加强;需要开展融合乡村振兴、牧区扶贫的政策合力研究。
Abstract：The grassland ecological protection and complement policy has profound influences on the grassland ecological protection,animal husbandry production and herdsman's life,and it is also the hot spot of government policy formulation.This paper summarizes the research progress of the grassland ecological protection and complement policy in China from the aspects of award object,award standard,implementation situation and existing problems,as well as implementation effect and other aspects.The research results show that local governments have actively implemented the policy.There are obvious regional differences in the measurement methods of supplementary award standard.Herdsmen are relatively satisfied with the policy.The willingness of herdsmen to participate in the policy is mainly influenced by factors such as the impact of policy implementation on living standards,the cognition of grassland protection and the proportion of animal husbandry income.After the implementation of the policy,it is conducive to the ecological recovery of natural grassland and the transformation of animal husbandry production.Most studies think that the policy increases both the transferable income and the proportion of herdsmen.There are also studies which suggest that the income of pastoral households in pastoral areas has declined.Finally,the paper details the future research direction of grassland ecological protection subsidy policy.
[1]CUPERUS R,CANTERS K J,PIEPERS A G.Ecological compensation of the impacts of a road[J].Ecological Engineering,1996(7):23-25.
[2]PATTERSON M G.Ecological production based pricing of biosphere processes[J].Ecological Economics,2002(41):45-47.
[3]BROWN M,CLARKSON B,BARTON B J,et al.Implementing ecological compensation in New Zealand:stakeholder perspectives and a way forward[J].Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand,2014,44 (1):106-112.
[4]CHANG I S,WU J,YANG Y X.Ecological compensation for natural resource utilisation in China[J].Journal of Environmental Planning and Management,2014,57(2):412-419.
[5]JOHN R,AARON B,JEFFREY C,et al.Ecological compensation to address environmental externalities:lessons from South American case studies[J].Journal of Sustainable Forestry,2015,34(6):241-251.
[6]SUNDRUM A.Animal welfare standards in ecological animal husbandry and the possibilities of their regulation[J].Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift,1993,10(2):120-135.
[7]NASEN L C,NOBLE B F,JOHNSTONE J F.Environmental effects of oil and gas lease sites in a grassland ecosystem[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2010,9(21):231-235.
[8]HANNES J K,JOHANNES S,UTIA S,et al.Assessing the impact of land use policy on urban-rural sustainability using the FOPIA approach in Yogyakarta,Indonesia[J].Sustainability,2010(27):152-161.
[9]HYCENTH T N,JOHANNES S,SANDRA U,et al.Adoption potential of conservation agriculture practices in Sub-Saharan Africa:results from five case studies[J].Environmental Management,2014,5(33):236-301.
[10]额尔敦乌日图,花蕊.草原生态保护补奖机制实施中存在的问题及对策[J].内蒙古师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013(6):147-152.
[11]胡振通,柳荻,靳乐山.草原生态补偿:生态绩效、收入影响和政策满意度[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(1):165-176.
[12]韦惠兰,宗鑫.草原生态补偿政策下政府与牧民之间的激励不相容问题——以甘肃玛曲县为例[J].农村经济,2014(11):102-106.
[13]王加亭,王宗礼,徐林波,等.草原生态补助奖励机制落实中的问题与对策——基于锡林浩特市牧户的调查实证分析[J].中国草地学报,2016,38(2):1-7+12.
[14]祁晓慧,高博,王海春,等.牧民视角下的草原生态保护补助奖励政策草畜平衡及禁牧补奖标准研究——以锡林郭勒盟为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(5):30-35.
[15]常丽霞,沈海涛.草地生态补偿政策与机制研究——基于黄河首曲玛曲县的调查与分析[J].农村经济,2014(3):102-106.
[16]童光法.我国草原生态补偿法律机制初探[J].南京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2015(1):47-53.
[17]包宗武,张淑艳.草原生态保护补助奖励政策实施效果浅析——以赤峰市草原为例[J].安徽农业科学,2015(10):328-329.
[18]郭彦玮,刘维忠,刘娜娜,等.草原补奖政策实施前后南疆牧民生活生产方式变化研究[J].广东农业科学,2015(14):163-168.
[19]SIERRA R,RUSSMAN E.On the efficiency of environmental service payments:a forest conservation assessment in the Osa Peninsula,Costa Rica[J].Ecological Economics,2006(4):59.
[20]KOSOY N,MARTINCZ T M,MURADIAN R,et al.Payments for environmental services in watersheds:insights from a comparative study of three cases in Central America[J].Ecological Economics,2007(3):63.
[21]PAGIOLA S,ARCCNAS A,PLATAIS G.Can payments for environmental services help reduce poverty?An exploration of the issues and the evidence to date from Latin America[J].World Development,2005,33(2):15-17.
[22]TAYLOR J,ADELMAN.Village economies:the design,estimation and use of .village wide economic models[M].New York:Cam bridge University Press,1996:23-25.
[23]CYPRIS,C.Positive mathematical programming[J].American Journal of Agricultural Economics,1995,77(2):329-342.
[24]张志恒,艾拉提·艾山.草原补奖机制扮绿新疆[J].农村工作通讯,2014(22):56-58.
[25]赵永珍.肃南县草原生态补奖政策落实及存在问题研究[D].兰州:西北民族大学,2015:46-71.
[26]徐馨琦.草原生态保护补助奖励机制对草原畜牧业发展的促进[J].当代畜牧,2014(14):37-38.
[27]郭彦玮.新疆草原生态保护补助奖励政策实施效果及其对策研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2015:45-47.
[28]王海春,高博,祁晓慧,等.草原生态保护补助奖励机制对牧户减畜行为影响的实证分析——基于内蒙古260户牧户的调查[J].农业经济问题,2017(12):73-80+112.
[29]杨春,孟志兴,杨旭东.草原生态保护补奖政策下牧区半牧区的牧业生产及牧民收入分析[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(8):8-12.
[30]白爽,何晨曦,赵霞.草原生态补奖政策实施效果——基于生产性补贴政策的实证[J].草业科学,2015,32(2):287-293.
[31]王玉涛,刘惠军.草原牧区生态补偿实施效果研究——以锡林郭勒盟为例[J].现代营销,2015(9):42-43.
[32]何晨曦,白爽,赵霞.内蒙古地区草畜平衡奖励政策满意度及影响因素的实证研究[J].中国草地学报,2015,37(2):1-6.
[33]陈海燕.农牧户对草原生态保护补奖政策的评价与期望——基于内蒙古等6省区绒毛用羊养殖户问卷调查数据的分析[J].农业经济与管理,2013(5):73-81.
[34]杨春,王明利.草原生态保护补奖政策评价指标体系设计[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(5):185-188.
[35]孔德帅,胡振通,靳乐山.草原生态补偿机制中的资金分配模式研究——基于内蒙古34个嘎查的实证分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(5):1-6.
[36]潘佳.草原生态补偿关系的主体及其权利义务内涵——基于甘肃省天祝县草原补奖政策的分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报(社会科学版),2015(4):37-44.
[37]杨春,王明利.草原生态保护补奖政策下牧区肉牛养殖生产率增长及收敛性分析[J].农业技术经济,2019(3):96-105.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13856/j.cn11-1097/s.2019.11.001
中图分类号:F812.8;S812
引用信息:
[1]杨春,朱增勇,孙小舒.中国草原生态保护补助奖励政策研究综述[J].世界农业,2019,No.487(11):4-11+130.DOI:10.13856/j.cn11-1097/s.2019.11.001.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目“草原生态保护补奖政策效应研究”(71503251); 中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(ASTIP-IAED-2019-01); 国家牧草产业技术体系专项(CARS-34-22)
2019-11-10
2019-11-10