世界农业

受全球环境持续恶化、少子老龄化等多因素叠加，日本粮食供给、农业农村发展面临前所未有巨大挑战。基于现实要求，日本农林水产省于2020年提出绿色食品系统战略，以期以绿色生态转型释放农业高质量发展新动能，拉动经济复苏。本文以日本为典型样本，系统分析提出绿色农业食品系统战略的因由、路径选择和典型做法，重点分析中日两国农业绿色可持续发展之间的异同。日本绿色食品系统战略以创新构建可持续生产体系，以生态环保材料减轻环境污染，建设可持续的加工和流通体系，不断强化国民绿色消费和饮食观念，多措并施全面推进农业农村可持续发展。对比中国与日本农业绿色可持续发展间异同，研究发现，中日两国将农业绿色可持续发展上升为国家战略层面予以重视，但中国绿色农业存在明显短板，如区域发展不平衡、创新驱动不足等问题。基于日本典型经验，以及中日两国对比分析，本文指出以科技创新赋能农业绿色可持续发展，打造韧性农业产业链，从理念转变、人才培育、官产学联合等角度提出适应农业高质量发展和绿色转型发展要求的中国式农业支持政策改革的政策建议。

Japan's food supply and agricultural and rural development are facing unprecedented challenges due to the continued deterioration of the global environment, the aging of fewer children and the COVID-19.Based on practical requirements, the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries proposed the Green Food System Strategy in 2020, aiming to release new momentum for high-quality agricultural development through green ecological transformation and drive economic recovery.This article takes Japan as a typical sample and systematically analyzes the reasons, path choices, and typical practices of the Green Agriculture and Food System Strategy, with a focus on analyzing the similarities and differences between the green and sustainable development of agriculture in China and Japan.Japan's Green Food System Strategy innovatively builds a sustainable production system, reduces environmental pollution with eco-friendly materials, builds a sustainable processing and circulation system, continuously strengthens the national concept of green consumption and diet, and takes multiple measures to comprehensively promote the sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas.Comparing the similarities and differences between China and Japan in green and sustainable agricultural development, the study found that China and Japan attach great importance to green and sustainable agricultural development at the national strategic level.However, there are obvious shortcomings in China's green agriculture, such as imbalanced regional development and insufficient innovation drive.Based on the typical experience of Japan and a comparative analysis between China and Japan, this article points out that technological innovation can empower green and sustainable development of agriculture, create a resilient agricultural industry chain, and propose policy recommendations for the reform of Chinese style agricultural support policies that meet the requirements of high-quality agricultural development and green transformation development from the perspectives of changing concepts, talent cultivation, and government industry university cooperation.